Spandex Xov Cas?

Nyob rau hauv lub realm ntawm elastic textiles, spandex paj sawv ua kev hloov pauv hloov tshiab uas tau rov qab txhawb, yoog raws, thiab ua tau zoo hauv cov khoom suav tsis txheeb. Los ntawm daim foos -} fitting leggings ntawm cov kws ncaws pob rau kev txhawb nqa wisting wawm, spandex yarn lub peev xwm los ncab thiab rov qab muaj qhov tsis tseem ceeb hauv cov khoom lag luam niaj hnub. Tab sis dab tsi raws nraim yog spandex xov, thiab dab tsi teeb nws sib nrug los ntawm lwm cov ntaub ntawv elastic?

 

1. Kev txhais thiab cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm Spandex Xov

Spandex Xovn, tseem paub los ntawm Lub Npe Lub Npe Lycra® (ib qho cim npe ntawm Invista), yog cov hluavtaws muaj fiber ntau nrog ibSegmented Polyurethanepolymer. Los ntawm kev txhais, nws yog qhov ntev, kev sib sau ua ke (lossis sau cov khoom ua kom zoo nkauj ntxiv thiab rov qab los ntawm cov xov zoo uas tsis yog paj rwb los yog polyester.

Internality Internal rau Cov Qauv Txheej Txheem (ISO) txhais tau spandex li cov fiber uas tuaj yeem ncab tsawg kawg500% ntawm nws cov qubthiab rov qab mus rau sab hauv10% ntawm nws qhov pib lojTom qab lub zog ncab yog tshem tawm. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws elasticity yog unmatched los ntawm feem ntau ntuj los yog hluavtaws fibers, ua spandex Xovners rau cov ntawv thov uas yooj yim thiab cov duab khaws cia yog qhov tseem ceeb.

Tsis zoo li cov ntaub ntawv ywj pheej xws li roj hmab, spandex paj yog lub teeb, thiab tiv taus ntau puag ncig, thiab cua sov), thiab cua sov), thiab cua sov), thiab cua sov), thiab cua sov) Nws yog feem ntau siv sib xyaw nrog lwm cov fibers (piv txwv li, paj rwb, polyester, lossis nylon) los txhim kho cov kab uas ntxim nyiam ntawm cov ntaub ua kom zoo nkauj- xws li ua pa tau, ruaj khov, lossis luster.

 

2. Tshuaj lom neeg sib xyaw

Qhov tshwj xeeb ncab thiab rov qab ntawm Spandex Yarn qia los ntawm nws cov qauv tshuaj tshwj xeeb. Spandex yog tsim ntawmSegmented PolyurethanePolymers, uas muaj ob hom kev sib txawv ntawm cov molecular ntu:Mos Segmentsthiabnyuaj ntuCov. Qhov no dual - Saib sis qauv yog tus yuam sij rau nws tus cwj pwm.

2.1 Cov ntu mos: enabling ncab

Cov ntu mos ua tau kwv yees li 70-90% ntawm Spandex polymer saw. Lawv yog ntev, saj cov saw hlau muab tau los ntawmPolyether DiolslossisPolyester Diols{{0-} organic cov organic sib txuas nrog cov chav uas ua kom xoob, coil- zoo li qauv. Cov coils ua zoo li springs me me: thaum lub zog siv (piv txwv li, rub cov ntaub), pub cov xov paj los ncab tau.

Piv txwv li, polyet {- bas raws cov tog muag muag yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau Spandex siv hauv kev sib cuag nrog ya raws. Polyester {- bas raws cov kev muag muag muag, ntawm qhov todmin, muaj feem ntau siv kub ua haujlwm uas xav tau high} kub ua (xws li, dowing lossis ironing).

2.2 ntu nyuaj: Tsav tsheb rov qab

Nyuaj ntu ib co xwm txheej los ua 10-30% ntawm polymer saw thiab yog muab tau los ntawmDiisocyanates(piv txwv li, Methylene Diphenylyl diisocyanate, MDI) thiabsaw txuas(xws li, Ethylene diamine). Cov ntu no luv luv, txhav, thiab ntau dua polar, lub ntsiab lus lawv tsim muaj zog intermolecular (piv txwv li, hydrogen bins) nrog cov sib ze polymer pins.

Thaum lub zog ncab yog tshem tawm, cov kev sib tw muaj zog ntawm cov ntu nyuaj ua haujlwm raws li "molecular thauj tog," rub lub qhov muag mos mos rov qab mus rau hauv lawv lub xeev coiled. Tus txheej txheem no ua rau Spandex Xovn kom rov ua tau nws cov qub ntev thiab cov duab- txawm tias tom qab rov ua voj voog. Yog tsis muaj cov ntu nyuaj, ntu cov muag muag yuav ua kom muaj nuj nqis, ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo (zoo li lub caij nplooj hlav tawg).

2.3 Hla -} mus txuas: Txhim Kho Durability

Thaum lub sij hawm tsim kev tsim khoom, tshuaj lom neeg ntxiv tsimHla - txuasnruab nrab ntawm cov ntaub pua nkoj uas nyob ib sab. Cov ntoo khaublig - Txuas yog cov qauv sib cav uas txhawb nqa cov qauv ntawm Spandex, thiab ua kom tsis muaj zog, thiab tsis muaj kev ntxhov siab qeeb). Qhov ntom ntom ntawm tus ntoo khaub lig {3} mus txuas rau cov xov paj uas muaj zog dua tab sis kev ceev nrawm dua, thaum lub zog siab dua nce qib tab sis yuav txo qis.

 

3. Kev tsim qauv txheej txheem ntawm Spandex Xov

Kev tsim cov tsiaj spandex yog qhov nyuaj, ntau-}} kauj ruam txheej txheem uas cuam tshuam nrog polymer synthesis, tig, kos duab, thiab kos duab. Txhua kauj ruam yog ua tib zoo tswj hwm kom ntseeg tau tias cov xov paj kawg tau ntsib qhov xav tau ywj siab thiab cov khoom siv tshuab. Ob txoj kev tsim khoom lag luam yog covTxheej Txheem Qhuav Spinning(siv rau ntau tshaj 90% ntawm lub ntiaj teb spandex ntau lawm) thiab covntub spinning txheej txheem(siv rau kev tshwj xeeb siab -} Kev Ua Tau Spandex).

3.1 Lub Tawg Nrov: Txoj Kev Loj

Lub ntsej muag kom qhuav yog cov qauv siv dav siv ntau vim tias nws muaj txiaj ntsig, nqi -}}}}}}}}}}}}}}} Cov yarns ntawm kev sib txawv (thicknesses). Cov txheej txheem muaj rau rau theem tseem ceeb:

3.1.1 polymer synthesis

Ua ntej, ntu segmented polyurethane polymer yog synthesized nyob rau hauv ib tug neeg hlab yees. Qhov no cuam tshuam nrog peb qib tseem ceeb:

Npaj Ua Haujlwm: Polyether lossis Polyester Diol yog reased nrog Diisocyanate los ua ib qho "Prepolymer"} Cov saw ntev molecule nrog reassive kawg pab pawg.

Saw txuas ntxiv: Cov npaj ua ntej yog sib xyaw nrog cov saw txuas (piv txwv li, feem ntau ua tubrees) nyob rau hauv a a Qhov kev tawm tsam no siv sij hawm polymer, ua kom lawv hnyav dua thiab txoj kev elasticity.

Kev Npaj Ntshav: Lub txiaj ntsig polymer yog yaj nyob rau hauv cov kuab tshuaj kom tsim ib qho "kiv kev kiv" nrog cov ntsiab lus ntawm 25-40%. Lub viscosity ntawm dope yog tseem ceeb: tuab heev, thiab nws tsis tuaj yeem muab extruded; Dhau heev, thiab cov filaments uas ua rau tsis muaj zog.

3.1.2 extrusion (kiv)

Tus neeg kiv kev kiv yog nqus tau los ntawm alub kiv cua-} ib lub phaj hlau nrog ntau pua lossis ntau txhiab tus me me (feem ntau 0.05-0.15 hli inch). Tus lej thiab qhov loj ntawm cov qhov txiav txim siab tus naj npawb ntawm cov filaments hauv cov xov paj thiab nws cov denier (piv txwv li cov spinneret nrog 100 lub qhov xov paj).

Raws li tus dope tawm ntawm spinneret, nws nkag mus rau aNtws da dej(Kuj tseem hu ua "qhuav ntauwd") muaj huab cua kub (100-150 degree). Cov huab cua kub cua dub yaj ntawm cov dope los, ua rau cov polymer kom muaj zog ua cov filaments ua cov filaments. Cov kuab tshuaj yog zoo tu qab los ntawm huab cua siv lub zog hws thiab rov qab siv dua kom txo cov pov tseg thiab tus nqi.

3.1.3 Kos Duab (Kev Qhia)

Cov filaments tsim tau dhau los yog dhau los ntawm cov txiv hmab rhawv qe (kos yob) hauv cov txheej txheem hu uakev kos duabCov. Cov chais roll ntawm tig ntawm nce kev ceev, ncab cov filaments mus rau 3-5 zaug lawv thawj qhov ntev. Qhov kev ncab no ua kom nruj cov kab txuas polymer raws qhov ntev ntawm cov ntsiab lus, uas:

Txhim kho cov elasticity thiab rov qab ntawm cov xov paj (los teeb tsa cov mos mos thiab tawv ntu).

Yuav nce tensile lub zog (los ntawm kev txo qhov tsis xws hauv cov qauv polymer).

Txo lub cheeb ntawm cov filaments, kho cov xov paj vaj lug.

Cov℃ntawm kev kos duab (kos piv) yog ua tib zoo tswj: Ntau dua cov xov paj, thaum muaj xov zoo dua ua rau cov xov paj ntxiv.

3.1.4 Thaum Tshav Kub Kub

Tom qab kos duab, cov filaments dhau los ntawm aThaum tshav kub kub -} chaw qhov cub(150-200 degree) kom ruaj khov lawv cov qauv. Thaum tshav kub kub teeb "Qhov Xauv Rau Hauv" Lub Xov Xwm Polymer Polymer, tiv thaiv cov xov paj los ntawm cov khoom lag luam tom ntej (piv txwv li, dyeing lossis khaub ncaws tsim). Nws kuj tseem txhim kho cov xov paj uas tiv thaiv kom sov thiab tshuaj lom neeg.

3.1.5 WINDING

Cov cua sov -} txheej txheem filaments yog ces lub qhov txhab mus rau hauv cov bobbins loj lossis cones nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem hu uacuaCov. Lub tshuab winding tswj lub nro ntawm cov xov paj los xyuas kom ntseeg tau tias niaj hnub ua tsis zoo, uas tiv thaiv tangling thiab ua kom sib luag thaum lub rooj ntau lawm. Lub bobbins tau ntim tau thiab xa mus rau textile mills rau weaving lossis knitting.

3.2 Nthuav nrawm: Rau cov ntawv teev tshwj xeeb

Ntub ntub yog siv los tsim cov siab - performance performance performance performance performance performance} Kev ua tau zoo Spandex yarns nrog kev siv tshuaj tsis txaus ntseeg (piv txwv li cov ntawv thov kev kho mob lossis cov ntawv thov kho mob). Tsis zoo li qhuav spinning, uas siv cua kub kom tshem cov kuab tshuaj, ntub kev nrawm siv ib qhoUa Kua Lomab Da Dej Da Dej(piv txwv li, dej los yog nonsolvent zoo li methanol) kom tau cov khoom ua kom zoo.

Nyob rau hauv ntub spinning:

Qhov dope dope yog extruded rau hauv da dej sib xyaw, qhov twg cov kuab tshuaj datuses tawm ntawm cov dope thiab cov polymer precipitates rau filaments.

Cov filaments yog kos nyob rau hauv chav da dej sib xyaw (hloov ntawm rhuab chais) kom dlhos cov saw polymer.

Cov filaments raug ntxuav kom tshem tawm cov kuab tshuaj yooj yim, qhuav, cua sov {}} txheej, thiab qhov txhab mus rau bobbins.

Ntub {- spun spands thiab ntau dua tensile muaj zog tshaj qhuav {1} nws kim dua thiab qeeb qeeb los tsim. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, nws yog feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv kev siv hauv kev ua tau zoo uas tau ua ntej tus nqi.

 

4. Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm Spandex Xov Paj

Spandex Xovn Cov Xov Tooj Muaj txiaj ntsig los ntawm nws cov kev sib txawv ntawm kev siv tshuab, tshuaj lom neeg, thiab cov khoom siv lub cev, uas ua rau nws haum rau ntau cov ntawv thov. Hauv qab no yog nws cov khoom tseem ceeb tshaj plaws:

4.1 Qhov tshwj xeeb thiab rov qab

Raws li tau hais ua ntej lawm, Spandex paj tuaj yeem ncab rau500-800% ntawm nws cov qub-} deb tshaj lwm yam uas muaj cov roj hmab uas muaj zog ntxiv (piv txwv li cov roj hmab ntuj ncab mus rau 800%, tab sis nws tsis muaj spandex lub durability). Tom qab ncab, nws rov qab rau hauv95-98% ntawm nws cov qub-}} Lub ntsiab lus txhais tau tias 100 carn spandex xov xyab ncab rau 600CM (500% elongation) yuav rov qab mus rau 102}} 105cm tom qab lub zog raug tshem tawm. Qhov ze-zoo tag nrho cov kev rov qab ua kom muaj kev ris tsho ua rau Spandex khaws lawv cov duab txawm tias tom qab ua dua hnav thiab ntxuav.

4.2 Hnav thiab Kev Siv Tshuaj

Spandex Xovn yog qhov ntom heev, nrog qhov ntom ntom heev, nrog lub ntom ntom ntawm kwv yees li ntawm 1.2 g /} kub dua li paj rwb (1.5 g / cmÃter (1.4 g / cm³). Qhov teeb pom kev zoo no ua rau nws zoo tagnrho rau cov ris tsho uas yuav tsum tau kev nplij siab yam tsis muaj cov loj (xws li cov ris tsho hauv qab, kev ua yeeb yam, lossis hosiery). Nws tseem muaj tus qauv du, cov tshuaj pleev muag uas xav tias maj mam tiv thaiv cov tawv nqaij, tsis zoo li cov roj hmab ntuj, uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj zog lossis nplaum.

4.3 High tensile zog thiab ua tsis tau

Txawm hais tias nws elasticity, spandex xov muaj qhov ua tau zoo tensile lub zog (lub zog yuav tsum tau tawg cov paj). Nws feem ntau muaj lub kaum dav hlau ntawm0.5-1.0 grams tauj ib tus denier (G / D){{0- Tsis muaj zog li polyester (4.0-5.0 g / d) tab sis txaus rau cov appsections feem ntau. Thaum sib xyaw nrog cov txiaj ntsig muaj zog (piv txwv li, nylon lossis polyester), cov ntaub muag tau txais txiaj ntsig ntawm lub zog fiber thaum khaws spandex cov elasticity.

Spandex kuj tau ua kom zoo ua rau hnav los ntawm kev sib txhuam), ua tsaug rau nws tus ntoo khaub lig- txuas Polymer qauv. Qhov no ua rau nws haum rau high- Cov khoom zoo li thom khwm, legings, lossis cov haujlwm, uas tau rov qab ua kom cov hniav tawm tsam.

4.4 Kuj yuav kub, tshuaj lom neeg, thiab hnub ci

Spandex Xovn yog tiv taus ntau qhov chaw ib puag ncig, uas txuas ntxiv rau lub neej ntawm cov ris tsho ua nrog nws:

Thaum Tshav Kub Kub Ua: Nws tuaj yeem tiv taus kub txog li130-150 degree(Nyob ntawm seb hom) tsis muaj melting lossis poob elasticity. Qhov no tso cai rau nws ua kom tau daim duab lossis Ironed siv cov txheej txheem textile (txawm hais tias siab kub siab tshaj 180℃tuaj yeem ua rau kev txiav txim siab).

Tshuaj Kuj: Nws yog resergents feem ntau cov tshuaj ntxuav, roj, thiab cov kuab tshuaj solvents {}}}}}}}}} awnStive mus hws thiab tshuaj ntxuav khaub ncaws hnav). Nws yog, txawm li cas los xij, raug rau cov muaj zog acids lossis hauv paus, uas tuaj yeem tsoo cov polyurethane qauv.

UV Kuj: Nws muaj kev txwv tsis kam rau ultraviolet (UV) hluav taws xob los ntawm lub hnub ci. Thaum lub sij hawm prolonged raug rau UV lub teeb tuaj yeem ua rau maj mam degradation (piv txwv li, blendester), blending spandilizers rau cov pa hluav taws xob tuaj yeem pab tau cov teeb meem no.

4.5 Breatability thiab noo noo wicking

Cov xov paj ntshiab Spandex tsis muaj txiaj ntsig, tab sis thaum ua breathable freathable zoo li paj rwb,, lossis polyester, nws khaws cov pa ntawm cov fiber ntau. Qee cov xov xwm spandex niaj hnub tseem yog engineered nrog cov microchhannels lossis ntxig kev tawm hws kom deb ntawm daim tawv nqaij), ua rau lawv zoo tagnrho rau cov neeg nquag.

 

5. Kev faib tawm ntawm Spandex Xov Paj Los Ntawm Cov Qauv thiab Siv

Spandex Xovn muaj nyob rau hauv ntau cov qauv ntaub ntawv, txhua tus tsim rau cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb. Feem ntau cov kev ntseeg feem ntau yog ua rawsFilam, tus txwv, thiabNpog Hom(liab qab, tib -}} npog, lossis ob {{1} {1} {1} {1} {1} {

5.1 Los Ntawm Filament suav

Spandex Xovn yog tsim los ntawm ntau cov filaments txuas ntxiv, thiab tus naj npawb ntawm filaments (filament suav) cuam tshuam rau nws cov qauv, thiab yooj:

Monofilament spandex: Ib qho, tuab tuab (tsis tshua siv ib leeg, vim nws yog txhav).

Multifleament spandex: 10-1000 tus neeg ua haujlwm sib tw ua ke. Feem ntau Spandex Xovns yog multifilesasent, nrog 20-50 filaments yog ib qho rau cov khaub ncaws. Ntau dua cov lus tshaj tawm suav tau nyob rau hauv softer, ntau, 50-ficament spandex), thaum muaj qab zib qis dua, ntau dua cov xov paj.

5.2 los ntawm Denier (tuab)

Denier (d) yog ib chav ntsuas ntsuas uas piav qhia txog qhov thickness ntawm cov xov paj: qhov ntau tshaj plaws, cov xov paj. Spandex yarns ntau hauv kev tsis lees paub los ntawm10D (ultra - zoo)rau1000d (hnyav - duty), nrog rau cov tsis txaus ntseeg rau cov khoom zoo 20D, 40d, thiab 70D:

Ultra - spandex nplua (10D-30D): Siv rau hauv lub teeb yuag, she cov ntaub xws li pantyhose, lingerie, lossis lub teeb yuag t {{0} {0} {0} {nti. Nws yog mos thiab tsis pom, ua rau nws zoo tagnrho rau cov ris tsho uas elasticity yuav tsum tsis pom.

Nruab Nrab Spandex (40D-100d): Siv nyob rau hauv txhua hnub ci khaub ncaws zoo li ris ntauv txhav, hnav ris tsho, lossis cov kis las. Nws cov nyiaj tsis huv thiab cov kav ntev, muab cov ncab txaus rau kev nplij siab yam tsis muaj kev ua kom tuab.

Hnyav - Duty Spandex (100d +): Siv rau hauv cov ntawv nyeem cov khoom siv, cov ntaub qhwv kev kho mob, lossis hnyav {{{{} Duty} Weight Strwbe). Nws muaj lub zog siab thiab elasticity, ua rau nws haum rau cov ntawv thov uas yuav tsum tau ua dua ncab hauv qab cov nra hnyav.

5.3 Los ntawm npog hom

Feem ntau spandex xov yog "npog" nrog rau lwm cov fibers (piv txwv li, polyester lossis nylon) los txhim kho lawv cov kev ua kom ruaj khov, kev ntxhib los mos, lossis tuag. Peb lub ntsiab npog yog:

5.3.1 Bare Spandex Xov Paj

Cov paj spandex tsis zoo yog cov spandex ntshiab tsis muaj kev npog sab nraud. Nws muaj qhov siab tshaj plaws (500-800% elongation) tab sis ib txwm mus rau kev puas tsuaj thiab snagging. Nws tsis tshua siv ib leeg; Hloov chaw, nws yog sib xyaw nrog lwm cov fibers thaum tab tom ua rau nws lossis riam, hauv kev ncab denim, uas nws sib xyaw nrog paj rwb paj lug). Cov neeg Spandex tsis pub muaj nyob rau hauv cov kws kho mob (piv txwv li, cov ntaub qhwv cov ntaub qhwv) uas yuav tsum muaj qhov ntau tshaj plaws.

5.3.2 Ib Leeg {-}} xov spandex xov (scy)

Ib Leeg -}} Txoj xov huam Spandex muaj ib txheej ntawm cov khoom siv tsis yog (piv txwv li} polyester lossis nylon) siv lub tshuab npog. Lub npog cov lus dag yog ntswj ib ncig ntawm Spandex cov tub ntxhais ntawm tus nqi ntawm 500-1500 twises ib meter (TPM).

Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb:

Smoother thiab ntau ruaj dua li tus spandex.

Moderate Elasticity (400-600% elongation).

Tus nqi qis dua li ob peb -}} spandex.

Cov Ntawv Thov: Xws li Apparel (piv txwv li, t - lub tsho, hws (piv txwv li cov thom khwm) (piv txwv li, stret cov ntawv).

5.3.3 ob npaug -}} xov tooj spandex xov (dcy)

Ob npaug -}} Txoj hlua SPandex tub ntxhais yog ob txheej ntxiv (piv txwv li txheej txheej), thiab cov txheej thib ob yog twisted nyob rau hauv kev coj rov qab (counterclockwise). Qhov no "txee {{- ni} sib ntswg" txhim kho cov xov paj lub vaj qhov ruaj khov, durability, thiab tsis kam mus snagging.

Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb:

Siab tshaj plaws detability thiab ruaj ruaj nyob ntawm cov tsiaj uas muaj spandex yarns.

Kev ntxhib los mos thiab elasticity elasticity (300-500% elongation).

Tiv taus fraying thiab pilling.

Cov Ntawv Thov: High {-}, kev ua yeeb yam, kev ua bras), eg, nruj me ntsis (piv txwv li, duab).